Abnormal CST & Pap Smears Melbourne
At Empower Obstetrics and Gynaecology, we understand that receiving an abnormal Cervical Screening Test (CST) or Pap smear result can be unsettling. An abnormal result doesn’t necessarily mean cancer; rather, it indicates that some cells in the cervix have changed, which may require further investigation.
What Does an Abnormal CST or Pap Smear Mean?
A CST or Pap smear is a routine cervical screening that checks for changes in cervical cells, particularly those caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV). The CST specifically looks for high-risk HPV types, which can lead to abnormal cell changes. Early detection of these changes is important because it allows us to monitor, treat, or prevent further progression.
Why Do Abnormal CST & Pap Smear Results Happen?
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
HPV is a common virus that can affect cervical cells, particularly certain high-risk strains that may cause cell changes. In most cases, HPV infections resolve on their own, but if the virus persists, it may lead to changes in the cervical cells that require monitoring or treatment.
Cervical Dysplasia
Dysplasia, or abnormal cell growth, can range from low-grade (mild) to high-grade (severe). Low-grade changes are often monitored with repeat testing, as they may resolve naturally. High-grade dysplasia, however, requires more attention to prevent potential progression.
Inflammation or Infection
Cell changes may sometimes occur due to other infections or inflammatory conditions, which are generally treatable. Once treated, the cells often return to normal, but follow-up screenings are used to confirm this.
Follow-Up Procedures for Abnormal CST or Pap Smear Results
If you receive an abnormal CST or Pap smear result, several follow-up options may be recommended based on the detected degree and type of abnormality. At Empower, our team will guide you through each step, ensuring you’re informed and comfortable with recommended procedures.
Repeat Testing
For low-risk, low-grade abnormalities, a repeat CST or Pap smear may be recommended within 6 to 12 months. Many minor abnormalities resolve independently without intervention, so repeat testing allows your healthcare provider to monitor any changes over time.
Colposcopy
A colposcopy is a closer examination of the cervix, vagina, and vulva using a magnifying instrument called a colposcope. This non-invasive procedure is often recommended if abnormal cell changes are detected. During a colposcopy, your gynaecologist may also apply a solution to the cervix that helps identify abnormal areas more clearly. If anything unusual is observed, a small biopsy may be taken for further analysis.
Biopsy
If a colposcopy reveals areas of concern, your gynaecologist may take a cervical biopsy to analyse the abnormal cells further. This tissue sample is sent to a lab to assess the nature and extent of cell changes, which helps determine if additional treatment is necessary. Common cervical biopsy methods include punch biopsy, where a small sample is taken from the cervix, and endocervical curettage, which samples cells from the cervical canal. The results from these biopsies guide treatment decisions.
Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)
In cases of high-grade dysplasia, a LEEP procedure may be recommended. This procedure removes abnormal cells using a thin, low-voltage, electrified wire loop. By removing these cells, LEEP reduces the risk of cervical cancer. LEEP is an outpatient procedure, and most women can return to normal activities within a few days.
Cone Biopsy
For more severe abnormalities, a cone biopsy may be advised. This surgical procedure removes a cone-shaped piece of tissue from the cervix, including abnormal cells. Cone biopsy is both diagnostic and therapeutic, as it removes abnormal cells while providing a larger tissue sample for examination.
Reducing Your Risk of Abnormal Results
While it’s impossible to prevent all cervical cell changes, you can take steps to reduce your risk:
Stay up-to-date on screenings
Regular CST or Pap smears are key for early detection and managing cell changes before they progress.
Consider HPV vaccination
The HPV vaccine is highly effective at preventing high-risk HPV types and is recommended for anyone eligible, including adolescents and adults.
Practice safe sex
Using condoms or other barrier methods can reduce your risk of HPV and other infections.
Focus on a healthy lifestyle
A balanced diet, avoiding smoking, and managing stress support immune health and may help your body manage HPV more effectively.
Contact Empower Now!
An abnormal CST or Pap smear result can be concerning, but it’s important to remember that it doesn’t necessarily mean cancer. Abnormal results often indicate changes that can be managed or treated effectively with early intervention.
At Empower Obstetrics and Gynaecology, we’re dedicated to providing compassionate, personalised care. Our experienced team will guide you through any recommended follow-up procedures, from repeat testing to colposcopy, biopsies, and other treatments, all aimed at protecting your cervical health.
Please call or email our friendly administration team, who will be able to assist you.
